Clinical relevance of detectable but not quantifiable hepatitis C virus RNA during boceprevir or telaprevir treatment

Hepatology. 2011 Nov 16. doi: 10.1002/hep.24791. [Epub ahead of print]

Harrington PR, Zeng W, Naeger LK.

Source

Division of Antiviral Products, Office of Antimicrobial Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993. Patrick.Harrington@fda.hhs.gov.

Abstract

Boceprevir- and telaprevir-based treatments for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection use specific response-guided therapy (RGT) guidelines. Eligibility for shortened treatment duration is based on achieving Undetectable HCV RNA early during treatment. It is unclear whether a detected HCV RNA level that is below the assay lower limit of quantitation (Detectable/BLOQ) is comparable to an Undetectable HCV RNA level, particularly regarding RGT decision making. We analyzed data from boceprevir and telaprevir clinical trials to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the frequency and clinical relevance of Detectable/BLOQ HCV RNA measurements. In Phase 3 trials P05216 (boceprevir), C216 (telaprevir) and 108 (telaprevir), Detectable/BLOQ levels were reported for approximately 10-20% of all on-treatment HCV RNA measurements. In P05216 and C216, subjects with Detectable/BLOQ HCV RNA, on average, had a reduced sustained virologic response (SVR) rate compared to subjects with Undetectable HCV RNA at the same on-treatment timepoint. At key RGT timepoints (Week 8 for boceprevir, Week 4 for telaprevir), subjects with Detectable/BLOQ HCV RNA had an approximately 20% lower SVR rate compared to subjects with Undetectable HCV RNA, and this difference widened for later on-treatment timepoints. A similar trend was observed for Study 108, but the differences in SVR rates were more modest, which may be explained by a higher frequency of reported Detectable/BLOQ results. Analyses of Phase 2 boceprevir and telaprevir trials indicated subjects with Detectable/BLOQ HCV RNA at RGT timepoints benefited from extended treatment duration. CONCLUSIONS: During boceprevir- and telaprevir-based treatment, subjects with Detectable/BLOQ HCV RNA had a reduced virologic response compared to subjects with Undetectable HCV RNA. Eligibility for shortened treatment duration should be based on patients achieving Undetectable HCV RNA at RGT decision timepoints. (HEPATOLOGY 2011.).

Copyright © 2011 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

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